A global gridded data set on tillage - R-code (V. 1.1)

Cite as:

Porwollik, Vera; Rolinski, Susanne; Müller, Christoph (2019): A global gridded data set on tillage - R-code (V. 1.1). GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/PIK.2019.010

Status

I N R E V I E W : Porwollik, Vera; Rolinski, Susanne; Müller, Christoph (2019): A global gridded data set on tillage - R-code (V. 1.1). GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/PIK.2019.010

Abstract

Tillage is a central element in agricultural soil management and has direct and indirect effects on processes in the biosphere. Effects of agricultural soil management can be assessed by soil, crop, and ecosystem models but global assessments are hampered by lack of information on soil management systems. This study presents a classification of globally relevant tillage practices and a global spatially explicit data set on the distribution of tillage practices for around the year 2005.

This source code complements the dataset on the global gridded tillage system mapping described in Porwollik et al. (2018, http://doi.org/10.5880/PIK.2018.012). It shall help interested people in understanding the findings on the global gridded tillage system mapping. The code, programmed in R, can be used for reproducing and build upon for scenarios including the expansion of sustainable soil management practices as CA. Both, the data set and the R-code are described in detail in Porwollik et al. (2018, ESSD). The code is written in the statistical software 'R' using the 'raster', 'fields', and 'ncdf4' packages.

We present the mapping result of six tillage systems for 42 crop types and potentially suitable Conservation Agriculture area as variables:
1 = conventional annual tillage
2 = traditional annual tillage
3 = reduced tillage
4 = Conservation Agriculture
5 = rotational tillage
6 = traditional rotational tillage
7 = Scenario Conservation Agriculture area

Reference system: WGS84
Geographic extent: Longitude (min, max) (-180, 180), Latitude (min, max) (-56, 84)
Resolution: 5 arc-minutes
Time period covered: around the year 2005
Type: NetCDF

Dataset sources (with indication of reference):
1. Grid cell allocation key to country: IFPRI/IIASA (2017, cell5m_allockey_xy.dbf.zip)
2. Crop-specific physical cropland: IFPRI/IIASA (2017, spam2005v3r1_global_phys_area.geotiff.zip)
3. SoilGrids depth to bedrock: Hengl et al. (2014)
4. Aridity index: FAO (2015)
5. Conservation Agriculture area: FAO (2016)
6. Income level: World Bank (2017)
7. Field size: Fritz et al. (2015)
8. GLADIS - Water erosion: Nachtergaele et al. (2011)

CHANGELOG for Version 1.1:
improved calculation and mapping, for details see README.PDF

Authors

Porwollik, Vera;Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany
Rolinski, Susanne;Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany
Müller, Christoph;Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany

Contact

Porwollik, Vera (PhD candidate); Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany; ➦

Contributors

Heinke, Jens

Funders

German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF): MACMIT project (01LN1317A)

Keywords

tillage, plowing, soil management, gridded data, Conservation Agriculture, ploughing

GCMD Science Keywords

More Metadata

datacite: download xml
- resource (xsi:schemaLocation=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 http://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4.3/metadata.xsd)
  - identifier (identifierType=DOI): 10.5880/PIK.2019.010
  - creators
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Porwollik, Vera
      - givenName: Vera
      - familyName: Porwollik
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0001-5866-8538
      - affiliation: Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Rolinski, Susanne
      - givenName: Susanne
      - familyName: Rolinski
      - affiliation: Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Müller, Christoph
      - givenName: Christoph
      - familyName: Müller
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-9491-3550
      - affiliation: Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany
  - titles
    - title: A global gridded data set on tillage - R-code (V. 1.1)
  - publisher: GFZ Data Services
  - publicationYear: 2019
  - subjects
    - subject: tillage
    - subject: plowing
    - subject: soil management
    - subject: gridded data
    - subject: Conservation Agriculture
    - subject: ploughing
    - subject (subjectScheme=NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords): EARTH SCIENCE > AGRICULTURE > AGRICULTURAL PLANT SCIENCE > CROPPING SYSTEMS
    - subject (subjectScheme=NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords): EARTH SCIENCE > AGRICULTURE > SOILS
  - contributors
    - contributor (contributorType=ContactPerson)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Porwollik, Vera
      - givenName: Vera
      - familyName: Porwollik
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0001-5866-8538
      - affiliation: Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany
    - contributor (contributorType=Researcher)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Porwollik, Vera
      - givenName: Vera
      - familyName: Porwollik
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0001-5866-8538
      - affiliation: Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany
    - contributor (contributorType=Researcher)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Heinke, Jens
      - givenName: Jens
      - familyName: Heinke
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0001-5256-0024
      - affiliation: Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany
    - contributor (contributorType=ContactPerson)
      - contributorName: Porwollik, Vera
      - affiliation: Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany
  - dates
    - date (dateType=Valid): 2005
    - date (dateType=Created): 2018-10-01
  - resourceType (resourceTypeGeneral=Software): Software
  - relatedIdentifiers
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsContinuedBy): 10.5880/PIK.2019.009
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsSupplementTo): doi of final ESSD paper when available
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=URL relationType=References): http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/data/query/index.html
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=URL relationType=References): http://www.fao.org/geonetwork/srv/en/main.home?uuid=221072ae-2090-48a1-be6f-5a88f061431a
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=References): 10.1111/gcb.12838
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=References): 10.1371/journal.pone.0105992
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=References): 10.7910/DVN/DHXBJX/LVRJLF
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=References): 10.7910/dvn/dhxbjx/k5hvuk
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=URL relationType=References): http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/solaw/files/thematic_reports/SOLAW_thematic_report_3_land_degradation.pdf
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=References): 10.5194/essd-2018-152
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=URL relationType=References): https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsNewVersionOf): 10.5880/PIK.2018.013
  - sizes:
  - formats:
  - rightsList
    - rights (rightsURI=https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT): MIT Licence
  - descriptions
    - description (descriptionType=Abstract)
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
  - fundingReferences
    - fundingReference
      - funderName: German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
      - funderIdentifier (funderIdentifierType=Crossref Funder ID): 10.13039/501100002347
      - awardNumber: 01LN1317A
      - awardTitle: MACMIT project
iso19115: download xml
- MD_Metadata (xsi:schemaLocation=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmd http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmd/gmd.xsd)
  - fileIdentifier
    - CharacterString: 10.5880/PIK.2019.010
  - language
    - LanguageCode (codeList=http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/ codeListValue=eng): eng
  - characterSet
    - MD_CharacterSetCode (codeListValue=utf8 codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_CharacterSetCode):
  - hierarchyLevel
    - MD_ScopeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_ScopeCode codeListValue=dataset): dataset
  - hierarchyLevelName
    - CharacterString:
  - contact
    - CI_ResponsibleParty
      - organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
      - contactInfo
        CI_Contact
        address
        CI_Address
        electronicMailAddress
        CharacterString: datapub(_at_)gfz-potsdam.de
        onlineResource
        CI_OnlineResource
        linkage
        URL: http://www.gfz-potsdam.de
        name
        CharacterString: Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
        description
        CharacterString: Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
      - role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=pointOfContact): pointOfContact
  - dateStamp
    - Date: 2020-03-10
  - referenceSystemInfo
    - MD_ReferenceSystem
      - referenceSystemIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG:4326
  - identificationInfo
    - MD_DataIdentification
      - citation
        CI_Citation
        title
        CharacterString: A global gridded data set on tillage - R-code (V. 1.1)
        date
        CI_Date
        date
        Date: 2020-03-10
        dateType
        CI_DateTypeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode codeListValue=revision): revision
        date
        CI_Date
        date
        Date: 2018-10-01
        dateType
        CI_DateTypeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode codeListValue=creation): creation
        identifier
        MD_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: doi:10.5880/PIK.2019.010
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5866-8538)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Porwollik, Vera
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Rolinski, Susanne
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9491-3550)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Müller, Christoph
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ Data Services
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=publisher): publisher
      - abstract
        CharacterString: Tillage is a central element in agricultural soil management and has direct and indirect effects on processes in the biosphere. Effects of agricultural soil management can be assessed by soil, crop, and ecosystem models but global assessments are hampered by lack of information on soil management systems. This study presents a classification of globally relevant tillage practices and a global spatially explicit data set on the distribution of tillage practices for around the year 2005. This source code complements the dataset on the global gridded tillage system mapping described in Porwollik et al. (2018, http://doi.org/10.5880/PIK.2018.012). It shall help interested people in understanding the findings on the global gridded tillage system mapping. The code, programmed in R, can be used for reproducing and build upon for scenarios including the expansion of sustainable soil management practices as CA. Both, the data set and the R-code are described in detail in Porwollik et al. (2018, ESSD). The code is written in the statistical software 'R' using the 'raster', 'fields', and 'ncdf4' packages. We present the mapping result of six tillage systems for 42 crop types and potentially suitable Conservation Agriculture area as variables: 1 = conventional annual tillage 2 = traditional annual tillage 3 = reduced tillage 4 = Conservation Agriculture 5 = rotational tillage 6 = traditional rotational tillage 7 = Scenario Conservation Agriculture area Reference system: WGS84 Geographic extent: Longitude (min, max) (-180, 180), Latitude (min, max) (-56, 84) Resolution: 5 arc-minutes Time period covered: around the year 2005 Type: NetCDF Dataset sources (with indication of reference): 1. Grid cell allocation key to country: IFPRI/IIASA (2017, cell5m_allockey_xy.dbf.zip) 2. Crop-specific physical cropland: IFPRI/IIASA (2017, spam2005v3r1_global_phys_area.geotiff.zip) 3. SoilGrids depth to bedrock: Hengl et al. (2014) 4. Aridity index: FAO (2015) 5. Conservation Agriculture area: FAO (2016) 6. Income level: World Bank (2017) 7. Field size: Fritz et al. (2015) 8. GLADIS - Water erosion: Nachtergaele et al. (2011) CHANGELOG for Version 1.1: improved calculation and mapping, for details see README.PDF
      - status
        MD_ProgressCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_ProgressCode codeListValue=Complete): Complete
      - pointOfContact
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Porwollik, Vera
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany
        positionName
        CharacterString: PhD candidate
        contactInfo
        CI_Contact
        address
        CI_Address
        electronicMailAddress
        CharacterString: vera.porwollik(_at_)pik-potsdam.de
        onlineResource
        CI_OnlineResource
        linkage
        URL: https://www.pik-potsdam.de/members/verapor
        function
        CI_OnLineFunctionCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeListValue=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode_information): informtion
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=pointOfContact): pointOfContact
      - descriptiveKeywords
        MD_Keywords
        keyword
        CharacterString: tillage
        keyword
        CharacterString: plowing
        keyword
        CharacterString: soil management
        keyword
        CharacterString: gridded data
        keyword
        CharacterString: Conservation Agriculture
        keyword
        CharacterString: ploughing
      - descriptiveKeywords
        MD_Keywords
        keyword
        CharacterString: EARTH SCIENCE > AGRICULTURE > AGRICULTURAL PLANT SCIENCE > CROPPING SYSTEMS
        keyword
        CharacterString: EARTH SCIENCE > AGRICULTURE > SOILS
        thesaurusName
        CI_Citation
        title
        CharacterString: NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords
        date
        CI_Date
        date (gco:nilReason=missing):
        dateType
        CI_DateTypeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode codeListValue=publication): publication
      - resourceConstraints (xlink:href=https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
        MD_Constraints
        useLimitation
        CharacterString: MIT Licence
      - resourceConstraints
        MD_LegalConstraints
        accessConstraints
        MD_RestrictionCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_RestrictionCode codeListValue=otherRestrictions):
        otherConstraints
        CharacterString: MIT Licence
      - resourceConstraints
        MD_SecurityConstraints
        classification
        MD_ClassificationCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_ClassificationCode codeListValue=unclassified):
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.5880/PIK.2019.009
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsContinuedBy): IsContinuedBy
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: doi of final ESSD paper when available
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsSupplementTo): IsSupplementTo
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/data/query/index.html
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: URL
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=References): References
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: http://www.fao.org/geonetwork/srv/en/main.home?uuid=221072ae-2090-48a1-be6f-5a88f061431a
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: URL
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=References): References
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1111/gcb.12838
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=References): References
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105992
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=References): References
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.7910/DVN/DHXBJX/LVRJLF
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=References): References
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.7910/dvn/dhxbjx/k5hvuk
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=References): References
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/solaw/files/thematic_reports/SOLAW_thematic_report_3_land_degradation.pdf
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: URL
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=References): References
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.5194/essd-2018-152
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=References): References
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: URL
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=References): References
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.5880/PIK.2018.013
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsNewVersionOf): IsNewVersionOf
      - language
        CharacterString: eng
      - characterSet
        MD_CharacterSetCode (codeListValue=utf8 codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_CharacterSetCode):
      - topicCategory
        MD_TopicCategoryCode: geoscientificInformation
  - distributionInfo
    - MD_Distribution
      - transferOptions
        MD_DigitalTransferOptions
        onLine
        CI_OnlineResource
        linkage
        URL: http://doi.org/10.5880/PIK.2019.010
        protocol
        CharacterString: WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
        name
        CharacterString: Data Access - DOI
        description
        CharacterString: Data Access - DOI
        function
        CI_OnLineFunctionCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeListValue=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode_information): information
  - dataQualityInfo
    - DQ_DataQuality
      - scope
        DQ_Scope
        level
        MD_ScopeCode (codeListValue=dataset codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_ScopeCode):
schema.org download