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    <identifier identifierType="DOI">10.5880/PIK.2018.013</identifier>
    <creators>
     <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Porwollik, Vera</creatorName>
      <givenName>Vera</givenName>
      <familyName>Porwollik</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID">0000-0001-5866-8538</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany</affiliation>
     </creator>
     <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Rolinski, Susanne</creatorName>
      <givenName>Susanne</givenName>
      <familyName>Rolinski</familyName>
      <affiliation>Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany</affiliation>
     </creator>
     <creator>
      <creatorName nameType="Personal">Müller, Christoph</creatorName>
      <givenName>Christoph</givenName>
      <familyName>Müller</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID">0000-0002-9491-3550</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany</affiliation>
     </creator>
    </creators>
    <titles>
     <title>A global gridded data set on tillage - R-code</title>
    </titles>
    <publisher>GFZ Data Services</publisher>
    <publicationYear>2018</publicationYear>
    <subjects>
     <subject>tillage</subject>
     <subject>plowing</subject>
     <subject>soil management</subject>
     <subject>gridded data</subject>
     <subject>Conservation Agriculture</subject>
     <subject>ploughing</subject>
     <subject subjectScheme="NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; AGRICULTURE &gt; AGRICULTURAL PLANT SCIENCE &gt; CROPPING SYSTEMS</subject>
     <subject subjectScheme="NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords">EARTH SCIENCE &gt; AGRICULTURE &gt; SOILS</subject>
    </subjects>
    <contributors>
     <contributor contributorType="ContactPerson">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Porwollik, Vera</contributorName>
      <givenName>Vera</givenName>
      <familyName>Porwollik</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID">0000-0001-5866-8538</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany</affiliation>
     </contributor>
     <contributor contributorType="Researcher">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Porwollik, Vera</contributorName>
      <givenName>Vera</givenName>
      <familyName>Porwollik</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID">0000-0001-5866-8538</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany</affiliation>
     </contributor>
     <contributor contributorType="Researcher">
      <contributorName nameType="Personal">Heinke, Jens</contributorName>
      <givenName>Jens</givenName>
      <familyName>Heinke</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID">0000-0001-5256-0024</nameIdentifier>
      <affiliation>Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany</affiliation>
     </contributor>
     <contributor contributorType="ContactPerson">
      <contributorName>Porwollik, Vera</contributorName>
      <affiliation>Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, P.O. Box 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany</affiliation>
     </contributor>
    </contributors>
    <dates>
     <date dateType="Valid">2005</date>
     <date dateType="Created">2018-10-01</date>
    </dates>
    <resourceType resourceTypeGeneral="Software">Software</resourceType>
    <relatedIdentifiers>
     <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="IsContinuedBy">10.5880/PIK.2018.012</relatedIdentifier>
     <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="IsSupplementTo">10.5194/essd-2018-152</relatedIdentifier>
     <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="URL" relationType="References">http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/data/query/index.html</relatedIdentifier>
     <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="URL" relationType="References">http://www.fao.org/geonetwork/srv/en/main.home?uuid=221072ae-2090-48a1-be6f-5a88f061431a</relatedIdentifier>
     <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="References">10.1111/gcb.12838</relatedIdentifier>
     <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="References">10.1371/journal.pone.0105992</relatedIdentifier>
     <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="References">10.7910/DVN/DHXBJX/LVRJLF</relatedIdentifier>
     <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="References">10.7910/dvn/dhxbjx/k5hvuk</relatedIdentifier>
     <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="URL" relationType="References">http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/solaw/files/thematic_reports/SOLAW_thematic_report_3_land_degradation.pdf</relatedIdentifier>
     <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="URL" relationType="References">https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups</relatedIdentifier>
     <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="IsPreviousVersionOf">10.5880/PIK.2019.010</relatedIdentifier>
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    <formats/>
    <version>1.0</version>
    <rightsList>
     <rights rightsURI="https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT">MIT Licence</rights>
    </rightsList>
    <descriptions>
     <description descriptionType="Abstract">Tillage is a central element in agricultural soil management and has direct and indirect effects on processes in the biosphere. Effects of agricultural soil management can be assessed by soil, crop, and ecosystem models but global assessments are hampered by lack of information on soil management systems. This study presents a classification of globally relevant tillage practices and a global spatially explicit data set on the distribution of tillage practices for around the year 2005.      <br/>
       <br/>
            <br/>
 This source code complements the dataset on the global gridded tillage system mapping described in Porwollik et al. (2018, http://doi.org/10.5880/PIK.2018.012). It shall help interested people in understanding the findings on the global gridded tillage system mapping. The code, programmed in R, can be used for reproducing and build upon for scenarios including the expansion of sustainable soil management practices as CA. Both, the data set and the R-code are described in detail in Porwollik et al. (2018, ESSD). The code is written in the statistical software 'R' using the 'raster', 'fields', and 'ncdf4' packages.      <br/>
       <br/>
            <br/>
 We present the mapping result of six tillage systems for 42 crop types and potentially suitable Conservation Agriculture area as variables:      <br/>
 1 = conventional annual tillage      <br/>
 2 = traditional annual tillage      <br/>
 3 = reduced tillage      <br/>
 4 = Conservation Agriculture      <br/>
 5 = rotational tillage      <br/>
 6 = traditional rotational tillage      <br/>
 7 = potential suitable Conservation Agriculture area      <br/>
       <br/>
            <br/>
 Reference system: WGS84      <br/>
 Geographic extent: Longitude (min, max) (-180, 180), Latitude (min, max) (-56, 84)      <br/>
 Resolution: 5 arc-minutes      <br/>
 Time period covered: around the year 2005      <br/>
 Type: NetCDF      <br/>
       <br/>
            <br/>
 Dataset sources (with indication of reference):      <br/>
 1. Grid cell allocation key to country: IFPRI/IIASA (2017, cell5m_allockey_xy.dbf.zip)      <br/>
 2. Crop-specific physical cropland: IFPRI/IIASA (2017, spam2005v3r1_global_phys_area.geotiff.zip)      <br/>
 3. SoilGrids depth to bedrock: Hengl et al. (2014)      <br/>
 4. Aridity index: FAO (2015)      <br/>
 5. Conservation Agriculture area: FAO (2016)      <br/>
 6. Income level: World Bank (2017)      <br/>
 7. Field size: Fritz et al. (2015)      <br/>
 8. Water erosion: Nachtergaele et al. (2011)      <br/>
     </description>
    </descriptions>
    <fundingReferences>
     <fundingReference>
      <funderName>German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)</funderName>
      <funderIdentifier funderIdentifierType="Crossref Funder ID">10.13039/501100002347</funderIdentifier>
      <awardNumber>01LN1317A</awardNumber>
      <awardTitle>MACMIT project</awardTitle>
     </fundingReference>
    </fundingReferences>
   </resource>