Released
Dataset

Catalogues of bulge and fountain formation at Strokkur geyser in 2017, 2020 and 2022: Heights, rising speeds and seismic signal

Cite as:

Eibl, Eva P. S.; Karmacharya, Sandeep; Shevchenko, Alina V.; Walter, Thomas R.; Hersir, Gylfi Páll (2024): Catalogues of bulge and fountain formation at Strokkur geyser in 2017, 2020 and 2022: Heights, rising speeds and seismic signal. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/fidgeo.2024.010

Status

I   N       R   E   V   I   E   W : Eibl, Eva P. S.; Karmacharya, Sandeep; Shevchenko, Alina V.; Walter, Thomas R.; Hersir, Gylfi Páll (2024): Catalogues of bulge and fountain formation at Strokkur geyser in 2017, 2020 and 2022: Heights, rising speeds and seismic signal. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/fidgeo.2024.010

Abstract

Strokkur is a pool geyser in southwest Iceland that erupts every 3.7 minutes. Eruptions start with a blue water bulge that soon turns white (bulge phase) before the water bubble bursts into a jetting water fountain (jet phase). We measured the bulge rising velocity and height and fountain rising velocity and height using video cameras and drones from GFZ and the accompanying ground motion using seismometers from the University of Potsdam. We publish the derived products from video data and seismic data here.

Authors

Contact

  • Eibl, Eva P. S.; Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany;

Keywords

geyser, eruption, geothermal, geothermal tremor, science > natural science > earth science > geophysics

GCMD Science Keywords

More Metadata

  • datacite:  /  download xml
    • resource (xsi:schemaLocation=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 http://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4.3/metadata.xsd)
      • identifier (identifierType=DOI): 10.5880/fidgeo.2024.010
      • creators
        • creator
          • creatorName (nameType=Personal): Eibl, Eva P. S.
          • givenName: Eva P. S.
          • familyName: Eibl
          • nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-0667-0035
          • affiliation: Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
        • creator
          • creatorName (nameType=Personal): Karmacharya, Sandeep
          • givenName: Sandeep
          • familyName: Karmacharya
          • nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0001-6884-0311
          • affiliation: Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
        • creator
          • creatorName (nameType=Personal): Shevchenko, Alina V.
          • givenName: Alina V.
          • familyName: Shevchenko
          • nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-4936-3366
          • affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        • creator
          • creatorName (nameType=Personal): Walter, Thomas R.
          • givenName: Thomas R.
          • familyName: Walter
          • nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-9925-4486
          • affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        • creator
          • creatorName (nameType=Personal): Hersir, Gylfi Páll
          • givenName: Gylfi Páll
          • familyName: Hersir
          • nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-4488-3290
          • affiliation: Independent Researcher, formerly at: Iceland Geosurvey
      • titles
        • title: Catalogues of bulge and fountain formation at Strokkur geyser in 2017, 2020 and 2022: Heights, rising speeds and seismic signal
      • publisher: GFZ Data Services
      • publicationYear: 2024
      • subjects
        • subject: geyser
        • subject: eruption
        • subject: geothermal
        • subject: geothermal tremor
        • subject (subjectScheme=GCMD Instruments): Earth Remote Sensing Instruments > Passive Remote Sensing > Photon/Optical Detectors > Cameras > VIDEO CAMERA
        • subject (subjectScheme=NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords): EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOTHERMAL DYNAMICS
        • subject (subjectScheme=NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords): EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > TECTONICS > VOLCANIC ACTIVITY > ERUPTION DYNAMICS
        • subject (subjectScheme=GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0): science > natural science > earth science > geophysics
      • contributors
        • contributor (contributorType=ContactPerson)
          • contributorName (nameType=Personal): Eibl, Eva P. S.
          • givenName: Eva P. S.
          • familyName: Eibl
          • nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-0667-0035
          • affiliation: Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
        • contributor (contributorType=DataCollector)
          • contributorName (nameType=Personal): Eibl, Eva P. S.
          • givenName: Eva P. S.
          • familyName: Eibl
          • nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-0667-0035
          • affiliation: Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
        • contributor (contributorType=Distributor)
          • contributorName (nameType=Personal): Eibl, Eva P. S.
          • givenName: Eva P. S.
          • familyName: Eibl
          • nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-0667-0035
          • affiliation: Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
        • contributor (contributorType=Researcher)
          • contributorName (nameType=Personal): Eibl, Eva P. S.
          • givenName: Eva P. S.
          • familyName: Eibl
          • nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-0667-0035
          • affiliation: Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
        • contributor (contributorType=Researcher)
          • contributorName (nameType=Personal): Karmacharya, Sandeep
          • givenName: Sandeep
          • familyName: Karmacharya
          • nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0001-6884-0311
          • affiliation: Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
        • contributor (contributorType=DataCollector)
          • contributorName (nameType=Personal): Shevchenko, Alina V.
          • givenName: Alina V.
          • familyName: Shevchenko
          • nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-4936-3366
          • affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        • contributor (contributorType=Researcher)
          • contributorName (nameType=Personal): Shevchenko, Alina V.
          • givenName: Alina V.
          • familyName: Shevchenko
          • nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-4936-3366
          • affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        • contributor (contributorType=DataCollector)
          • contributorName (nameType=Personal): Walter, Thomas R.
          • givenName: Thomas R.
          • familyName: Walter
          • nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-9925-4486
          • affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        • contributor (contributorType=Researcher)
          • contributorName (nameType=Personal): Walter, Thomas R.
          • givenName: Thomas R.
          • familyName: Walter
          • nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-9925-4486
          • affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        • contributor (contributorType=DataCollector)
          • contributorName (nameType=Personal): Hersir, Gylfi Páll
          • givenName: Gylfi Páll
          • familyName: Hersir
          • nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-4488-3290
          • affiliation: Independent Researcher, formerly at: Iceland Geosurvey
        • contributor (contributorType=ContactPerson)
          • contributorName: Eibl, Eva P. S.
          • affiliation: Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
      • dates
        • date (dateType=Available): /2024-03-31
        • date (dateType=Created): 
      • resourceType (resourceTypeGeneral=Dataset): Dataset
      • relatedIdentifiers
        • relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsSupplementTo): 10.30909/vol.07.01.229245
        • relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=Cites): 10.5880/GFZ.2.1.2019.005
        • relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=Cites): 10.1029/2019GL085266
        • relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=Cites): 10.14470/2Y7562610816
        • relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=Cites): 10.1029/2020JB020769
      • sizes: 
      • formats: 
      • rightsList
        • rights (rightsURI=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/): CC BY 4.0
      • descriptions
        • description (descriptionType=Abstract)
          • br: 
      • geoLocations
        • geoLocation
          • geoLocationPlace: Strokkur geyser in Haukadalir
          • geoLocationBox
            • westBoundLongitude: -20.3142
            • eastBoundLongitude: -20.2863
            • southBoundLatitude: 64.3106
            • northBoundLatitude: 64.3207
      • fundingReferences
        • fundingReference
          • funderName: Daimler Benz Foundation
          • awardNumber: 32-02/18
  • iso19115:  /  download xml
    • MD_Metadata (xsi:schemaLocation=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmd http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmd/gmd.xsd)
      • fileIdentifier
        • CharacterString: 10.5880/fidgeo.2024.010
      • language
        • LanguageCode (codeList=http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/ codeListValue=eng): eng
      • characterSet
        • MD_CharacterSetCode (codeListValue=utf8 codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_CharacterSetCode): 
      • hierarchyLevel
        • MD_ScopeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_ScopeCode codeListValue=dataset): dataset
      • hierarchyLevelName
        • CharacterString: 
      • contact
        • CI_ResponsibleParty
          • organisationName
            • CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
          • contactInfo
            • CI_Contact
              • address
                • CI_Address
                  • electronicMailAddress
                    • CharacterString: datapub(_at_)gfz-potsdam.de
              • onlineResource
                • CI_OnlineResource
                  • linkage
                    • URL: http://www.gfz-potsdam.de
                  • name
                    • CharacterString: Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
                  • description
                    • CharacterString: Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
          • role
            • CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=pointOfContact): pointOfContact
      • dateStamp
        • Date: 2024-05-08
      • referenceSystemInfo
        • MD_ReferenceSystem
          • referenceSystemIdentifier
            • RS_Identifier
              • code
                • CharacterString: urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG:4326
      • identificationInfo
        • MD_DataIdentification
          • citation
            • CI_Citation
              • title
                • CharacterString: Catalogues of bulge and fountain formation at Strokkur geyser in 2017, 2020 and 2022: Heights, rising speeds and seismic signal
              • date
                • CI_Date
                  • date
                    • Date: 2024-05-08
                  • dateType
                    • CI_DateTypeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode codeListValue=revision): revision
              • identifier
                • MD_Identifier
                  • code
                    • CharacterString: doi:10.5880/fidgeo.2024.010
              • citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0667-0035)
                • CI_ResponsibleParty
                  • individualName
                    • CharacterString: Eibl, Eva P. S.
                  • organisationName
                    • CharacterString: Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
                  • role
                    • CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
              • citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6884-0311)
                • CI_ResponsibleParty
                  • individualName
                    • CharacterString: Karmacharya, Sandeep
                  • organisationName
                    • CharacterString: Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
                  • role
                    • CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
              • citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4936-3366)
                • CI_ResponsibleParty
                  • individualName
                    • CharacterString: Shevchenko, Alina V.
                  • organisationName
                    • CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
                  • role
                    • CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
              • citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-4486)
                • CI_ResponsibleParty
                  • individualName
                    • CharacterString: Walter, Thomas R.
                  • organisationName
                    • CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
                  • role
                    • CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
              • citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4488-3290)
                • CI_ResponsibleParty
                  • individualName
                    • CharacterString: Hersir, Gylfi Páll
                  • organisationName
                    • CharacterString: Independent Researcher, formerly at: Iceland Geosurvey
                  • role
                    • CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
              • citedResponsibleParty
                • CI_ResponsibleParty
                  • organisationName
                    • CharacterString: GFZ Data Services
                  • role
                    • CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=publisher): publisher
          • abstract
            • CharacterString: Strokkur is a pool geyser in southwest Iceland that erupts every 3.7 minutes. Eruptions start with a blue water bulge that soon turns white (bulge phase) before the water bubble bursts into a jetting water fountain (jet phase). We measured the bulge rising velocity and height and fountain rising velocity and height using video cameras and drones from GFZ and the accompanying ground motion using seismometers from the University of Potsdam. We publish the derived products from video data and seismic data here.
          • pointOfContact
            • CI_ResponsibleParty
              • individualName
                • CharacterString: Eibl, Eva P. S.
              • organisationName
                • CharacterString: Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
              • contactInfo
                • CI_Contact
                  • address
                    • CI_Address
                      • electronicMailAddress
                        • CharacterString: eva.eibl(_at_)uni-potsdam.de
              • role
                • CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=pointOfContact): pointOfContact
          • descriptiveKeywords
            • MD_Keywords
              • keyword
                • CharacterString: geyser
              • keyword
                • CharacterString: eruption
              • keyword
                • CharacterString: geothermal
              • keyword
                • CharacterString: geothermal tremor
          • descriptiveKeywords
            • MD_Keywords
              • keyword
                • CharacterString: Earth Remote Sensing Instruments > Passive Remote Sensing > Photon/Optical Detectors > Cameras > VIDEO CAMERA
              • thesaurusName
                • CI_Citation
                  • title
                    • CharacterString: GCMD Instruments
                  • date
                    • CI_Date
                      • date (gco:nilReason=missing): 
                      • dateType
                        • CI_DateTypeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode codeListValue=publication): publication
          • descriptiveKeywords
            • MD_Keywords
              • keyword
                • CharacterString: EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOTHERMAL DYNAMICS
              • keyword
                • CharacterString: EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > TECTONICS > VOLCANIC ACTIVITY > ERUPTION DYNAMICS
              • thesaurusName
                • CI_Citation
                  • title
                    • CharacterString: NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords
                  • date
                    • CI_Date
                      • date (gco:nilReason=missing): 
                      • dateType
                        • CI_DateTypeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode codeListValue=publication): publication
          • descriptiveKeywords
            • MD_Keywords
              • keyword
                • CharacterString: science > natural science > earth science > geophysics
              • thesaurusName
                • CI_Citation
                  • title
                    • CharacterString: GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0
                  • date
                    • CI_Date
                      • date (gco:nilReason=missing): 
                      • dateType
                        • CI_DateTypeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode codeListValue=publication): publication
          • resourceConstraints (xlink:href=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
            • MD_Constraints
              • useLimitation
                • CharacterString: CC BY 4.0
          • resourceConstraints
            • MD_LegalConstraints
              • accessConstraints
                • MD_RestrictionCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_RestrictionCode codeListValue=otherRestrictions): 
              • otherConstraints
                • CharacterString: CC BY 4.0
          • resourceConstraints
            • MD_SecurityConstraints
              • classification
                • MD_ClassificationCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_ClassificationCode codeListValue=unclassified): 
          • aggregationInfo
            • MD_AggregateInformation
              • aggregateDataSetIdentifier
                • RS_Identifier
                  • code
                    • CharacterString: 10.30909/vol.07.01.229245
                  • codeSpace
                    • CharacterString: DOI
              • associationType
                • DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsSupplementTo): IsSupplementTo
          • aggregationInfo
            • MD_AggregateInformation
              • aggregateDataSetIdentifier
                • RS_Identifier
                  • code
                    • CharacterString: 10.5880/GFZ.2.1.2019.005
                  • codeSpace
                    • CharacterString: DOI
              • associationType
                • DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=Cites): Cites
          • aggregationInfo
            • MD_AggregateInformation
              • aggregateDataSetIdentifier
                • RS_Identifier
                  • code
                    • CharacterString: 10.1029/2019GL085266
                  • codeSpace
                    • CharacterString: DOI
              • associationType
                • DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=Cites): Cites
          • aggregationInfo
            • MD_AggregateInformation
              • aggregateDataSetIdentifier
                • RS_Identifier
                  • code
                    • CharacterString: 10.14470/2Y7562610816
                  • codeSpace
                    • CharacterString: DOI
              • associationType
                • DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=Cites): Cites
          • aggregationInfo
            • MD_AggregateInformation
              • aggregateDataSetIdentifier
                • RS_Identifier
                  • code
                    • CharacterString: 10.1029/2020JB020769
                  • codeSpace
                    • CharacterString: DOI
              • associationType
                • DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=Cites): Cites
          • language
            • CharacterString: eng
          • characterSet
            • MD_CharacterSetCode (codeListValue=utf8 codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_CharacterSetCode): 
          • topicCategory
            • MD_TopicCategoryCode: geoscientificInformation
          • extent
            • EX_Extent
              • description
                • CharacterString: Strokkur geyser in Haukadalir
              • geographicElement
                • EX_GeographicBoundingBox
                  • westBoundLongitude
                    • Decimal: -20.3142
                  • eastBoundLongitude
                    • Decimal: -20.2863
                  • southBoundLatitude
                    • Decimal: 64.3106
                  • northBoundLatitude
                    • Decimal: 64.3207
      • distributionInfo
        • MD_Distribution
          • transferOptions
            • MD_DigitalTransferOptions
              • onLine
                • CI_OnlineResource
                  • linkage
                    • URL: http://doi.org/10.5880/fidgeo.2024.010
                  • protocol
                    • CharacterString: WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                  • name
                    • CharacterString: Data Access - DOI
                  • description
                    • CharacterString: Data Access - DOI
                  • function
                    • CI_OnLineFunctionCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeListValue=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode_information): information
      • dataQualityInfo
        • DQ_DataQuality
          • scope
            • DQ_Scope
              • level
                • MD_ScopeCode (codeListValue=dataset codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_ScopeCode): 

Location

Please, click on markers, line , bounding boxes or the list below to see related details in popup.
To explore to full geographic extent of the map please click and drag the map.

    Files

    License: CC BY 4.0

    End of moratorium: /2024-03-31

    Dataset Description

    Supplement to