CRM-geothermal - gas geochemical results of pump tests at borehole GWDD-001 of Cornish Lithium Company, Cornwall, UK

Cite as:

Strauch, Bettina; Frigo, Samuele; Zimmer, Martin; Wilke, Franziska D. H.; Niedermann, Samuel; Vieth-Hillebrand, Andrea; Blöcher, Guido; Regenspurg, Simona; Kranz, Stefan; Hehn, Vera; Günther, Kristin; Klose, Lukas; Goldberg, Tatiana; Stammeier, Jessica; Salisbury, Alistair (2024): CRM-geothermal - gas geochemical results of pump tests at borehole GWDD-001 of Cornish Lithium Company, Cornwall, UK. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.3.1.2024.001

Status

I N R E V I E W : Strauch, Bettina; Frigo, Samuele; Zimmer, Martin; Wilke, Franziska D. H.; Niedermann, Samuel; Vieth-Hillebrand, Andrea; Blöcher, Guido; Regenspurg, Simona; Kranz, Stefan; Hehn, Vera; Günther, Kristin; Klose, Lukas; Goldberg, Tatiana; Stammeier, Jessica; Salisbury, Alistair (2024): CRM-geothermal - gas geochemical results of pump tests at borehole GWDD-001 of Cornish Lithium Company, Cornwall, UK. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.3.1.2024.001

Abstract

The EU funded project “CRM geothermal”, aims to establish an overview of the potential for raw materials in geothermal fluids for a large range of CRM elements across the EU and third countries. Due to its economic importance, Helium is closely monitored, in view of its relevance for possibly emerging digital applications [1]. Therefore, during a project-related pump test on borehole GWDD-001 of the Cornish Lithium Company in United Downs, Cornwall, UK from 20/06/2023 to 22/06/2023, an gas monitoring was conducted. This comprised the logging of gas composition and the measurement of the gas-water ratio during the pumping operation. Main focus was the examination of Helium content in the course of the pump test. In addition, experiments addressing the option of online-helium extraction via a membrane-based gas extraction method, were performed. A conventional gas sampling for lab-based analyses of bulk gas composition and noble gas concentration was completed as well. The results are reported here.

Authors

Strauch, Bettina;GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Frigo, Samuele;GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Zimmer, Martin;GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Wilke, Franziska D. H.;GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Niedermann, Samuel;GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Vieth-Hillebrand, Andrea;GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Blöcher, Guido;GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Regenspurg, Simona;GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Kranz, Stefan;GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Hehn, Vera;Hydroisotop GmbH, Schweitenkirchen, Germany
Günther, Kristin;GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Klose, Lukas;Constructor University, Bremen, Germany
Goldberg, Tatiana;Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Berlin, Germany
Stammeier, Jessica;GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Salisbury, Alistair;Cornish Lithium Ltd., Tremough Innovation Centre, Penryn, England

Contact

Strauch, Bettina; GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany Pilz, Peter;GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany;

Funders

Horizon 2020 Framework Programme: CRM geothermal (101058163)

Keywords

critical raw materials, geothermal fluids, gas composition, helium

GCMD Science Keywords

More Metadata

datacite: download xml
- resource (xsi:schemaLocation=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 http://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4.3/metadata.xsd)
  - identifier (identifierType=DOI): 10.5880/GFZ.3.1.2024.001
  - creators
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Strauch, Bettina
      - givenName: Bettina
      - familyName: Strauch
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-3648-1032
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Frigo, Samuele
      - givenName: Samuele
      - familyName: Frigo
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Zimmer, Martin
      - givenName: Martin
      - familyName: Zimmer
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-8848-2336
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Wilke, Franziska D. H.
      - givenName: Franziska D. H.
      - familyName: Wilke
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-3463-6176
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Niedermann, Samuel
      - givenName: Samuel
      - familyName: Niedermann
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-1626-5284
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Vieth-Hillebrand, Andrea
      - givenName: Andrea
      - familyName: Vieth-Hillebrand
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-3688-662X
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Blöcher, Guido
      - givenName: Guido
      - familyName: Blöcher
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-8589-9742
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Regenspurg, Simona
      - givenName: Simona
      - familyName: Regenspurg
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-4327-1439
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Kranz, Stefan
      - givenName: Stefan
      - familyName: Kranz
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-7933-7225
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Hehn, Vera
      - givenName: Vera
      - familyName: Hehn
      - affiliation: Hydroisotop GmbH, Schweitenkirchen, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Günther, Kristin
      - givenName: Kristin
      - familyName: Günther
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Klose, Lukas
      - givenName: Lukas
      - familyName: Klose
      - affiliation: Constructor University, Bremen, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Goldberg, Tatiana
      - givenName: Tatiana
      - familyName: Goldberg
      - affiliation: Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Berlin, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Stammeier, Jessica
      - givenName: Jessica
      - familyName: Stammeier
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-3603-3272
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Salisbury, Alistair
      - givenName: Alistair
      - familyName: Salisbury
      - affiliation: Cornish Lithium Ltd., Tremough Innovation Centre, Penryn, England
  - titles
    - title: CRM-geothermal - gas geochemical results of pump tests at borehole GWDD-001 of Cornish Lithium Company, Cornwall, UK
  - publisher: GFZ Data Services
  - publicationYear: 2024
  - subjects
    - subject: critical raw materials
    - subject: geothermal fluids
    - subject: gas composition
    - subject: helium
    - subject (subjectScheme=NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords): EARTH SCIENCE > HUMAN DIMENSIONS > ECONOMIC RESOURCES > ENERGY PRODUCTION/USE > GEOTHERMAL ENERGY PRODUCTION/USE
    - subject (subjectScheme=NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords): EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOCHEMISTRY
    - subject (subjectScheme=GCMD Platforms): Models/Analyses > CRM
  - contributors
    - contributor (contributorType=ContactPerson)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Strauch, Bettina
      - givenName: Bettina
      - familyName: Strauch
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-3648-1032
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - contributor (contributorType=DataCollector)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Strauch, Bettina
      - givenName: Bettina
      - familyName: Strauch
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-3648-1032
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - contributor (contributorType=DataCollector)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Zimmer, Martin
      - givenName: Martin
      - familyName: Zimmer
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-8848-2336
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - contributor (contributorType=DataCollector)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Niedermann, Samuel
      - givenName: Samuel
      - familyName: Niedermann
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-1626-5284
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - contributor (contributorType=DataCollector)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Vieth-Hillebrand, Andrea
      - givenName: Andrea
      - familyName: Vieth-Hillebrand
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-3688-662X
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - contributor (contributorType=ContactPerson)
      - contributorName: Strauch, Bettina
      - affiliation: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany Pilz, Peter;GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
  - dates
    - date (dateType=Collected): 2023-06-20T06:00:00/2023-06-23T12:00:00
  - resourceType (resourceTypeGeneral=Dataset): Dataset
  - relatedIdentifiers
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=Cites): 10.1016/0012-821X(96)00127-6
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=Cites): 10.1016/j.watres.2010.09.023
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=Cites): 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00102-6
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=Cites): 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.075
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=Cites): 10.1016/j.gca.2010.04.007
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=Cites): 10.1021/ac00031a008
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=Cites): 10.1016/j.coal.2015.09.009
  - sizes:
  - formats:
  - rightsList
    - rights (rightsURI=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/): CC BY 4.0
  - descriptions
    - description (descriptionType=Abstract)
      - br:
  - geoLocations
    - geoLocation
      - geoLocationPlace: field site of borehole GWDD 001
      - geoLocationBox
        westBoundLongitude: -5.16053
        eastBoundLongitude: -5.15921
        southBoundLatitude: 50.2322
        northBoundLatitude: 50.2317
  - fundingReferences
    - fundingReference
      - funderName: Horizon 2020 Framework Programme
      - funderIdentifier (funderIdentifierType=Crossref Funder ID): http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010661
      - awardNumber: 101058163
      - awardTitle: CRM geothermal
iso19115: download xml
- MD_Metadata (xsi:schemaLocation=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmd http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmd/gmd.xsd)
  - fileIdentifier
    - CharacterString: 10.5880/GFZ.3.1.2024.001
  - language
    - LanguageCode (codeList=http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/ codeListValue=eng): eng
  - characterSet
    - MD_CharacterSetCode (codeListValue=utf8 codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_CharacterSetCode):
  - hierarchyLevel
    - MD_ScopeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_ScopeCode codeListValue=dataset): dataset
  - hierarchyLevelName
    - CharacterString:
  - contact
    - CI_ResponsibleParty
      - organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
      - contactInfo
        CI_Contact
        address
        CI_Address
        electronicMailAddress
        CharacterString: datapub(_at_)gfz-potsdam.de
        onlineResource
        CI_OnlineResource
        linkage
        URL: http://www.gfz-potsdam.de
        name
        CharacterString: Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
        description
        CharacterString: Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
      - role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=pointOfContact): pointOfContact
  - dateStamp
    - Date: 2024-09-26
  - referenceSystemInfo
    - MD_ReferenceSystem
      - referenceSystemIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG:4326
  - identificationInfo
    - MD_DataIdentification
      - citation
        CI_Citation
        title
        CharacterString: CRM-geothermal - gas geochemical results of pump tests at borehole GWDD-001 of Cornish Lithium Company, Cornwall, UK
        date
        CI_Date
        date
        Date: 2024-09-26
        dateType
        CI_DateTypeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode codeListValue=revision): revision
        identifier
        MD_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: doi:10.5880/GFZ.3.1.2024.001
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3648-1032)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Strauch, Bettina
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Frigo, Samuele
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-2336)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Zimmer, Martin
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-6176)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Wilke, Franziska D. H.
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1626-5284)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Niedermann, Samuel
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3688-662X)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Vieth-Hillebrand, Andrea
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8589-9742)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Blöcher, Guido
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4327-1439)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Regenspurg, Simona
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7933-7225)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Kranz, Stefan
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Hehn, Vera
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Hydroisotop GmbH, Schweitenkirchen, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Günther, Kristin
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Klose, Lukas
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Constructor University, Bremen, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Goldberg, Tatiana
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Berlin, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3603-3272 )
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Stammeier, Jessica
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Salisbury, Alistair
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Cornish Lithium Ltd., Tremough Innovation Centre, Penryn, England
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ Data Services
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=publisher): publisher
      - abstract
        CharacterString: The EU funded project “CRM geothermal”, aims to establish an overview of the potential for raw materials in geothermal fluids for a large range of CRM elements across the EU and third countries. Due to its economic importance, Helium is closely monitored, in view of its relevance for possibly emerging digital applications [1]. Therefore, during a project-related pump test on borehole GWDD-001 of the Cornish Lithium Company in United Downs, Cornwall, UK from 20/06/2023 to 22/06/2023, an gas monitoring was conducted. This comprised the logging of gas composition and the measurement of the gas-water ratio during the pumping operation. Main focus was the examination of Helium content in the course of the pump test. In addition, experiments addressing the option of online-helium extraction via a membrane-based gas extraction method, were performed. A conventional gas sampling for lab-based analyses of bulk gas composition and noble gas concentration was completed as well. The results are reported here.
      - pointOfContact
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Strauch, Bettina
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany Pilz, Peter;GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        contactInfo
        CI_Contact
        address
        CI_Address
        electronicMailAddress
        CharacterString: betti(_at_)gfz-potsdam.de
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=pointOfContact): pointOfContact
      - descriptiveKeywords
        MD_Keywords
        keyword
        CharacterString: critical raw materials
        keyword
        CharacterString: geothermal fluids
        keyword
        CharacterString: gas composition
        keyword
        CharacterString: helium
      - descriptiveKeywords
        MD_Keywords
        keyword
        CharacterString: EARTH SCIENCE > HUMAN DIMENSIONS > ECONOMIC RESOURCES > ENERGY PRODUCTION/USE > GEOTHERMAL ENERGY PRODUCTION/USE
        keyword
        CharacterString: EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOCHEMISTRY
        thesaurusName
        CI_Citation
        title
        CharacterString: NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords
        date
        CI_Date
        date (gco:nilReason=missing):
        dateType
        CI_DateTypeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode codeListValue=publication): publication
      - descriptiveKeywords
        MD_Keywords
        keyword
        CharacterString: Models/Analyses > CRM
        thesaurusName
        CI_Citation
        title
        CharacterString: GCMD Platforms
        date
        CI_Date
        date (gco:nilReason=missing):
        dateType
        CI_DateTypeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode codeListValue=publication): publication
      - resourceConstraints (xlink:href=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
        MD_Constraints
        useLimitation
        CharacterString: CC BY 4.0
      - resourceConstraints
        MD_LegalConstraints
        accessConstraints
        MD_RestrictionCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_RestrictionCode codeListValue=otherRestrictions):
        otherConstraints
        CharacterString: CC BY 4.0
      - resourceConstraints
        MD_SecurityConstraints
        classification
        MD_ClassificationCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_ClassificationCode codeListValue=unclassified):
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1016/0012-821X(96)00127-6
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=Cites): Cites
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1016/j.watres.2010.09.023
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=Cites): Cites
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00102-6
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=Cites): Cites
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.075
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=Cites): Cites
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1016/j.gca.2010.04.007
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=Cites): Cites
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1021/ac00031a008
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=Cites): Cites
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1016/j.coal.2015.09.009
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=Cites): Cites
      - language
        CharacterString: eng
      - characterSet
        MD_CharacterSetCode (codeListValue=utf8 codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_CharacterSetCode):
      - topicCategory
        MD_TopicCategoryCode: geoscientificInformation
      - extent
        EX_Extent
        description
        CharacterString: field site of borehole GWDD 001
        geographicElement
        EX_GeographicBoundingBox
        westBoundLongitude
        Decimal: -5.16053
        eastBoundLongitude
        Decimal: -5.15921
        southBoundLatitude
        Decimal: 50.2322
        northBoundLatitude
        Decimal: 50.2317
        temporalElement
        EX_TemporalExtent
        extent
        TimePeriod (xsi:type=gml:TimePeriodType gml:id=T66f55906b6eae)
        beginPosition: 2023-06-20T06:00:00+00:00
        endPosition: 2023-06-23T12:00:00+00:00
  - distributionInfo
    - MD_Distribution
      - transferOptions
        MD_DigitalTransferOptions
        onLine
        CI_OnlineResource
        linkage
        URL: http://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.3.1.2024.001
        protocol
        CharacterString: WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
        name
        CharacterString: Data Access - DOI
        description
        CharacterString: Data Access - DOI
        function
        CI_OnLineFunctionCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeListValue=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode_information): information
  - dataQualityInfo
    - DQ_DataQuality
      - scope
        DQ_Scope
        level
        MD_ScopeCode (codeListValue=dataset codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_ScopeCode):
schema.org download