10.5880/fidgeo.2024.002 Vossen, Caron E.J. Caron E.J. Vossen 0000-0001-7090-1857 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Cimarelli, Corrado Corrado Cimarelli 0000-0002-5707-5930 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München D'Auria, Luca Luca D'Auria 0000-0002-7664-2216 Instituto Volcanológico de Canarias; Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables Cigala, Valeria Valeria Cigala 0000-0003-2410-136X Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Kueppers, Ulrich Ulrich Kueppers 0000-0003-2815-1444 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Barrancos, José José Barrancos 0000-0002-6224-5471 Instituto Volcanológico de Canarias; Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables Bennett, Alec J. Alec J. Bennett 0000-0001-8895-6418 Bristol Industrial and Research Associates Ltd (Biral); University of Bath GFZ Data Services 2024 Volcanic lightning Volcanic ash Biral Thunderstorm Detector Electrostatic measurements 2021 Tajogaite eruption Cumbre Vieja volcanic ridge La Palma Canary Islands Movement of charge Volcanic plume height Ice nucleation Lava fountaining Strombolian activity Ash emission Gas jetting Explosive volcanic activity Seismic tremor Thermal infrared rise diagram Isotherms Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Very Long Period (VLP) Long Period (LP) Balloons/Rockets > RADIOSONDES EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY > ELECTRIC FIELD EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY > LIGHTNING EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > TECTONICS > EARTHQUAKES > EARTHQUAKE MAGNITUDE/INTENSITY EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > TECTONICS > EARTHQUAKES > EARTHQUAKE OCCURRENCES EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > TECTONICS > VOLCANIC ACTIVITY > ERUPTION DYNAMICS > ASH/DUST DISPERSION EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > TECTONICS > VOLCANIC ACTIVITY > ERUPTION DYNAMICS > VOLCANIC EXPLOSIVITY EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > TECTONICS > VOLCANIC ACTIVITY > VOLCANO MAGNITUDE/INTENSITY EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > TECTONICS > VOLCANIC ACTIVITY > VOLCANO PREDICTIONS EARTH SCIENCE > SPECTRAL/ENGINEERING > INFRARED WAVELENGTHS > THERMAL INFRARED EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES > ENVIRONMENTAL ADVISORIES > GEOLOGICAL ADVISORIES > VOLCANIC ACTIVITY EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES > ENVIRONMENTAL ADVISORIES > WEATHER/CLIMATE ADVISORIES > DUST/ASH ADVISORIES EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES > ENVIRONMENTAL ADVISORIES > WEATHER/CLIMATE ADVISORIES > PRESENT WEATHER geological process > volcanism > volcanic eruption hazard > natural hazard In Situ Land-based Platforms > GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS > SEISMOLOGICAL STATIONS In Situ Land-based Platforms > GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS > VOLCANO OBSERVATORY In Situ Land-based Platforms > WEATHER STATIONS/NETWORKS > METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS In Situ Land-based Platforms > WEATHER STATIONS/NETWORKS > WWLLN In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Electrical Meters In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Magnetic/Motion Sensors > Seismometers > SEISMOMETERS monitoring > seismic monitoring physical process > transport (physics) > mass transport (physics) physical property > electricity science > natural science > earth science > geology > volcanology science > natural science > earth science > geophysics science > physical science > physics > atmospheric physics Vossen, Caron E.J. Caron E.J. Vossen 0000-0001-7090-1857 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Vossen, Caron E.J. Caron E.J. Vossen 0000-0001-7090-1857 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Cimarelli, Corrado Corrado Cimarelli 0000-0002-5707-5930 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Cimarelli, Corrado Corrado Cimarelli 0000-0002-5707-5930 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München D'Auria, Luca Luca D'Auria 0000-0002-7664-2216 Instituto Volcanológico de Canarias; Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables Cigala, Valeria Valeria Cigala 0000-0003-2410-136X Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Kueppers, Ulrich Ulrich Kueppers 0000-0003-2815-1444 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Barrancos, José José Barrancos 0000-0002-6224-5471 Instituto Volcanológico de Canarias; Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables Bennett, Alec J. Alec J. Bennett 0000-0001-8895-6418 Bristol Industrial and Research Associates Ltd (Biral); University of Bath Cimarelli, Corrado Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Vossen, Caron Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München 2029-01-24 2024-01-24 2021-09-19/2021-12-16 Dataset 10.1038/s43247-024-01520-6 http://weather.uwyo.edu/ https://vaac.meteo.fr/volcanoes/la-palma/ CC BY 4.0 This data repository contains electrical and seismic tremor measurements, thermal infrared imagery, atmospheric conditions and information on plume heights that were recorded and collected during the 2021 Tajogaite eruption on La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain. The 2021 Tajogaite eruption lasted from 19 September until 13 December 2021. The "data description" file provides more detailed information on each dataset and the way the data is formatted.

The electrical data was recorded using a Biral Thunderstorm Detector BTD-200. This sensor was installed at two consecutive locations: BTD1 (28.635°N, 17.876389°W) recorded from 11-26 October 2021 and BTD2 (28.602365°N, 17.880475°W) recorded from 27 October 2021 until the end of the eruption.

The volcanic tremor measurements were recorded at seismic station PLPI (28.5722°N, 17.8654°W), which was operated by the Instituto Volcanológico de Canarias. Here we provide the seismic tremor amplitudes within the Very Long Period (0.4-0.6 Hz) and the Long Period (1-5 Hz) frequency bands between 10 September and 20 December 2021.

Thermal infrared videography of the explosive volcanic activity was done using an InfraTec HD thermal infrared (TIR) video camera. This camera was installed in El Paso (28.649361°N, 17.882279°W) and recorded almost continuously between 3-8 November 2021. Here we provide individual thermal infrared frames.

Atmospheric conditions were obtained from weather balloon measurements at Güímar (station nr. 60018) on Tenerife, which were provided by the University of Wyoming, Department of Atmospheric Science (http://weather.uwyo.edu/). In addition, atmospheric data was collected from ground-based weather stations at El Paso and Roque de los Muchachos, which were operated by the State Meteorological Agency (AEMET) of Spain on La Palma.

Information on the volcanic plume heights was obtained from both the Toulouse Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (https://vaac.meteo.fr/volcanoes/la-palma/) as well as the Plan de Emergencias Volcánicas de Canarias.
Location of BTD1 (Biral Thunderstorm Detector BTD-200; 11-26 Oct 2021) Location of BTD2 (Biral Thunderstorm Detector BTD-200, 27 Oct - 13 Dec 2021)) Location of seismic station PLPI (9 Sep-20 Dec 2021) Location of thermal infrared camera (3-8 Nov 2021) European Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000781 864052 VOLTA Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659 CI 254/2-1