10.5880/fidgeo.2025.069 Gestrich, Julia E. Julia E. Gestrich 0000-0001-8663-1388 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Cimarelli, Corrado Corrado Cimarelli 0000-0002-5707-5930 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Capponi, Antonio Antonio Capponi 0000-0003-3008-122X Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Vossen, Caron E. J. Caron E. J. Vossen 0000-0001-7090-1857 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München GFZ Data Services 2025 geyser acoustic source array network fountain atmosphere > atmospheric process > air-water interaction built environment > infrastructure > water distribution system > fountain EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES > TECTONIC LANDFORMS > GEYSER EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > TECTONICS > VOLCANIC ACTIVITY > ERUPTION DYNAMICS > VOLCANIC EXPLOSIVITY EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES > ENVIRONMENTAL ADVISORIES > GEOLOGICAL ADVISORIES > VOLCANIC ACTIVITY geological process > volcanism > volcanic eruption hydrosphere > water (geographic) > surface water > freshwater > flowing water hydrosphere > water (geographic) > surface water > thermal water In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Profilers/Sounders > Acoustic Sounders > INFRASONIC MICROPHONES land > natural area > terrestrial area > mountainous area > volcano material > natural material > water (substance) > hot water parameter > acoustic level science > natural science > earth science > geology > volcanology science > physical science > acoustics science > physical science > acoustics > noise > noise type > impulsive noise science > physical science > acoustics > sound > infrasound Gestrich, Julia E. Julia E. Gestrich 0000-0001-8663-1388 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Cimarelli, Corrado Corrado Cimarelli 0000-0002-5707-5930 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Capponi, Antonio Antonio Capponi 0000-0003-3008-122X Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Vossen, Caron E. J. Caron E. J. Vossen 0000-0001-7090-1857 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Gestrich, Julia E. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Cimarelli, Corrado Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München 2023-08-23T06:25:00/2023-08-27T09:26:00 Sound 10.5880/fidgeo.2025.068 10.1007/s00445-025-01876-3 CC BY 4.0 This dataset comprises acoustic recordings of eruptive events at Strokkur Geyser, Iceland, collected during a field campaign from August 23–27, 2023. The data were recorded using four Chaparral M-60 UHP2 infrasound microphones with a flat frequency response from 0.05–200 Hz. The microphones were deployed in a semicircular array around the geyser pool, approximately 7.5 meters from its center. The signals were digitized using DiGOS Data-Cube3 digitizers with a sampling rate of 400 Hz, ensuring high-resolution capture of both low-frequency infrasound and high-frequency audio signals. Each recording spans approximately 2 ½ hours per day and is timestamped using GPS for precise temporal accuracy. The data are provided as miniSEED files with applied sensitivity, allowing direct calculation of sound pressure levels in Pascal (Pa). The exact locations for each sensor on each day are given below.

The dataset highlights acoustic signals associated with the growth, rupture, and disintegration of the water bulge preceding Strokkur’s eruptions. Distinct features, such as "M-shaped" infrasound waveforms, are evident and provide insight into the dynamic processes driving geyser eruptions.

The dataset offers a valuable resource for studying acoustic emissions during geyser activity, providing a high-resolution foundation for research on subsurface processes and fluid dynamics. It also facilitates comparative studies of geophysical signals in geysers and analogous volcanic systems.

August 23 (Small array configuration):
Recording times: 6:25 – 9:41 UTC (exact start times for each sensor may vary as they were started separately).
Sensor C3H: 64.31299, -20.30095
Sensor C3G: 64.31308, -20.30089
Sensor C3F: 64.31311, -20.30064
Sensor C3C: 64.31303, -20.30070

August 24 (Half circle around the geyser, until 8:36 UTC):
Recording times: 6:50 – 9:17 UTC (exact start times for each sensor may vary).
Sensor C3H: 64.31276, -20.30093
Sensor C3G: 64.31280, -20.30073
Sensor C3F: 64.31273, -20.30066
Sensor C3C: 64.31267, -20.30062

August 24 (After 8:36 UTC, modified configuration):
Sensor C3F moved to 64.313203, -20.301558 to record gas bubble sounds near another ground opening.
Sensor C3H: 64.31276, -20.30093
Sensor C3G: 64.31280, -20.30073
Sensor C3C: 64.31267, -20.30062

August 25 (Half circle around the geyser):
Recording times: 6:56 – 9:20 UTC (exact start times for each sensor may vary).
Sensor C3H: 64.31276, -20.30093
Sensor C3G: 64.31280, -20.30073
Sensor C3F: 64.31273, -20.30066
Sensor C3C: 64.31267, -20.30062

August 26:
No measurements were taken.

August 27 (Line configuration, before 8:01 UTC):
Recording times: 6:18 – 9:26 UTC (exact start times for each sensor may vary).
Sensor C3H: 64.31276, -20.30072
Sensor C3G: 64.31283, -20.30071
Sensor C3F: 64.31288, -20.30071
Sensor C3C: 64.31292, -20.30062

August 27 (After 8:01 UTC, returned to half circle around the geyser):
Sensor C3H: 64.31276, -20.30093
Sensor C3G: 64.31280, -20.30073
Sensor C3F: 64.31273, -20.30066
Sensor C3C: 64.31267, -20.30062
Study area at Stokkur Geysir -20.3015 -20.3003 64.3126 64.3134 European Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000781 864052 VOLTA