Intermagnet Reference Data Set (IRDS) 2016 – Definitive Magnetic Observatory Data

Cite as:

INTERMAGNET; Altay-Sayan Branch of Geophysical Survey of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia); Bureau Central de Magnétisme Terrestre, BCMT (France); Beijing Ming Tombs Geomagnetic Observatory Center, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (China); Bogaziçi University, Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (Turkey); British Antarctic Survey (United Kingdom); British Geological Survey (United Kingdom); Centre de Recherche en Astronomie Astrophysique et Géophysique (Algeria); Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (Croatia); Dirección Meteorológica de Chile (Chile); École et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre (France); Finnish Meteorological Institute (Finland); Fundació Observatori de l'Ebre (Spain); Geodetic and Geophysical Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Hungary); Geological and Geophysical Institute of Hungary (Hungary); Geological Institute of Romania (Romania); Geological Survey of Sweden (Sweden); Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia); Geophysical Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences; Geophysical Institute of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (Bulagaria); Geoscience Australia (Australia); GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences (Germany); Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; Halliburton Sperry Drilling (United States of America); Indian Institute of Geomagnetism (India); Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (France); Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (France); Institut Polaire Français Paul Émile Victor (France); Institute of Cosmophysical Researches and Radio Wave Propagation FEB RAS (Russia); Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (China); Institute of Geophysics of the Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology (Vietnam); Institute of Geophysics, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic (Czech Republic); Institute of Geophysics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Ukraine); Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences (Poland); Institute of Geophysics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia); Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics of Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Science (Russia); Institute of the Ionosphere, National Center of Space Researches and Technologies (Kazakhstan); Instituto Geofísico del Perú (Peru); Instituto Geográfico Nacional (Spain); Irish Meteorological Service (Ireland); Japan Meteorological Agency (Japan); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Germany); Korea Meteorological Administration (South Korea); Lanzhou Institute of Seismology of the China Earthquake Administration (China); Ludwig Maximilians University Munich (Germany); National Antarctic Scientific Center, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (Ukraine); National Geophysical Research Institute (India); National Meteorological Service of Argentina (Argentina); National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark (Denmark); Natural Resources of Canada / Geological Survey of Canada (Canada); Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada (Spain); Royal Meteorological Institute (Belgium); Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia); South African National Space Agency (South Africa); Swedish Institute of Space Physics (Sweden); The Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences Ltd (New Zealand); The Ministry of Natural Resources, Environment and Meteorology (Samoa); U.S. Geological Survey (USA); Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Argentina); University of Oulu (Finland); University of Stuttgart (Germany); Yu. G. Shafer Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronomy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia); Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration-IGME (Greece); National Institute of Geophysics, Geodesy and Geography of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (NIGGG-BAS)(Bulgaria); National Center for Geophysical Research of Lebanon (Lebanon); Institut et Observatoire Geophysique d'Antananarivo IOGA (Madagascar); Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Geofisica (Mexico); Eotvos Lorand Geophysical Institute of Hungary (Hungary); Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation (Russia); Alfred-Wegener-Institut AWI (Germany); Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute AARI (Russia); Observatorio Nacional (Brazil); ZAMG - Zentralanstalt fuer Meteorologie und Geodynamik (Austria); Bundesamt fuer Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie (Germany); Republic Geodetic Institute (Serbia); Geomagnetic Institute Grocka Serbia); Addis Ababa University AAU (Ethiopia); Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre EOST (France); Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia INGV (Italy); Danish Meteorological Institute DMI (Denmark); Institut Polaire Francais Paul Emile Victor IPEV (France); Maldives Meteorological Service (Republic of Maldives); China Earthquake Administration of Guangdong province (China); Directorate General of Telecommunications DGT MOTC (Taiwan); National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics NRIAG (Egypt); Saint Petersburg branch of Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation of the Russian Academy of Sciences IZMIRAN SpB branch (Russia) (2021): Intermagnet Reference Data Set (IRDS) 2016 – Definitive Magnetic Observatory Data. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/INTERMAGNET.1991.2016

Status

I N R E V I E W : INTERMAGNET; Altay-Sayan Branch of Geophysical Survey of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia); Bureau Central de Magnétisme Terrestre, BCMT (France); Beijing Ming Tombs Geomagnetic Observatory Center, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (China); Bogaziçi University, Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (Turkey); British Antarctic Survey (United Kingdom); British Geological Survey (United Kingdom); Centre de Recherche en Astronomie Astrophysique et Géophysique (Algeria); Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (Croatia); Dirección Meteorológica de Chile (Chile); École et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre (France); Finnish Meteorological Institute (Finland); Fundació Observatori de l'Ebre (Spain); Geodetic and Geophysical Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Hungary); Geological and Geophysical Institute of Hungary (Hungary); Geological Institute of Romania (Romania); Geological Survey of Sweden (Sweden); Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia); Geophysical Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences; Geophysical Institute of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (Bulagaria); Geoscience Australia (Australia); GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences (Germany); Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; Halliburton Sperry Drilling (United States of America); Indian Institute of Geomagnetism (India); Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (France); Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (France); Institut Polaire Français Paul Émile Victor (France); Institute of Cosmophysical Researches and Radio Wave Propagation FEB RAS (Russia); Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (China); Institute of Geophysics of the Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology (Vietnam); Institute of Geophysics, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic (Czech Republic); Institute of Geophysics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Ukraine); Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences (Poland); Institute of Geophysics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia); Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics of Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Science (Russia); Institute of the Ionosphere, National Center of Space Researches and Technologies (Kazakhstan); Instituto Geofísico del Perú (Peru); Instituto Geográfico Nacional (Spain); Irish Meteorological Service (Ireland); Japan Meteorological Agency (Japan); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Germany); Korea Meteorological Administration (South Korea); Lanzhou Institute of Seismology of the China Earthquake Administration (China); Ludwig Maximilians University Munich (Germany); National Antarctic Scientific Center, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (Ukraine); National Geophysical Research Institute (India); National Meteorological Service of Argentina (Argentina); National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark (Denmark); Natural Resources of Canada / Geological Survey of Canada (Canada); Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada (Spain); Royal Meteorological Institute (Belgium); Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia); South African National Space Agency (South Africa); Swedish Institute of Space Physics (Sweden); The Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences Ltd (New Zealand); The Ministry of Natural Resources, Environment and Meteorology (Samoa); U.S. Geological Survey (USA); Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Argentina); University of Oulu (Finland); University of Stuttgart (Germany); Yu. G. Shafer Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronomy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia); Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration-IGME (Greece); National Institute of Geophysics, Geodesy and Geography of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (NIGGG-BAS)(Bulgaria); National Center for Geophysical Research of Lebanon (Lebanon); Institut et Observatoire Geophysique d'Antananarivo IOGA (Madagascar); Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Geofisica (Mexico); Eotvos Lorand Geophysical Institute of Hungary (Hungary); Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation (Russia); Alfred-Wegener-Institut AWI (Germany); Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute AARI (Russia); Observatorio Nacional (Brazil); ZAMG - Zentralanstalt fuer Meteorologie und Geodynamik (Austria); Bundesamt fuer Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie (Germany); Republic Geodetic Institute (Serbia); Geomagnetic Institute Grocka Serbia); Addis Ababa University AAU (Ethiopia); Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre EOST (France); Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia INGV (Italy); Danish Meteorological Institute DMI (Denmark); Institut Polaire Francais Paul Emile Victor IPEV (France); Maldives Meteorological Service (Republic of Maldives); China Earthquake Administration of Guangdong province (China); Directorate General of Telecommunications DGT MOTC (Taiwan); National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics NRIAG (Egypt); Saint Petersburg branch of Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation of the Russian Academy of Sciences IZMIRAN SpB branch (Russia) (2021): Intermagnet Reference Data Set (IRDS) 2016 – Definitive Magnetic Observatory Data. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/INTERMAGNET.1991.2016

Abstract

This compilation contains definitive digital values of the Earth's magnetic field recorded from 1991 to 2016 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. K indices and nnual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive file (gzipped tar format) available from this landing page.

Beginning with the publication of the definitive data for 2015, INTERMAGNET stopped publishing individual years of data and started publishing the entire, cumulative definitive data set since INTERMAGNET’s first recorded definitive data in 1991. This data set is known as the "INTERMAGNET Reference Data Set" (IRDS). The IRDS comprises all INTERMAGNET one-minute definitive data since 1991 and is annually
updated with a new year and occasional corrections to previous releases. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted".

File names for IRDS data are formatted in the form mag<year>_def<year>.zip. The mag<year> section of the filename describes the year in which the data was recorded. The def<year> section of the filename describes the most recent annual INTERMAGNET publication in which the data was updated. Files where mag<year> = def<year> have had no corrections since their original publication. For example, "mag2015_def2016" indicates that this file is different from the first release "mag2015_def2015".

For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual (https://doi.org/10.48440/INTERMAGNET.2020.001).

Additional Information

The International Real-time Magnetic Observatory Network (INTERMAGNET) is the global network of observatories, monitoring the Earth's magnetic field. The INTERMAGNET programme exists to establish a global network of cooperating digital magnetic observatories, adopting modern standard specifications for measuring and recording equipment, in order to facilitate data exchange and the production of geomagnetic products in close to real time. INTERMAGNET also coordinates the publication of quality-controlled, definitive geomagnetic data from its affiliated observatories.

Methods

Geomagnetic data is recorded and quality controlled at the institutions responsible for each observatory. Before becoming a member of INTERMAGNET, institutes must make a detailed submission for each observatory that is to join. This submission is verified by a committee in INTERMAGNET before the observatory is admitted. Only data from INTERMAGNET members is published by INTERMAGNET. Each annual definitive data set is checked for quality by a team of data checkers in INTERMAGNET before the data is admitted to the series for that year.