Multi-approach Gravity Field Models from Swarm GPS data

Cite as:

Encarnacao, Joao; Visser, Pieter; Jaeggi, Adrian; Bezdek, Ales; Mayer-Gürr, Torsten; Shum, C.K.; Arnold, Daniel; Doornbos, Eelco; Elmer, Matthias; Guo, Junyi; van den IJssel, Jose; Iorfida, Elisabetta; Klokocnik, Jaroslav; Krauss, Sandro; Mao, Xinyuan; Meyer, Ulrich; Sebera, Josef; Zhang, Chaoyang; Zhang, Yu; Dahle, Christoph (2019): Multi-approach Gravity Field Models from Swarm GPS data. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/ICGEM.2019.006

Status

I N R E V I E W : Encarnacao, Joao; Visser, Pieter; Jaeggi, Adrian; Bezdek, Ales; Mayer-Gürr, Torsten; Shum, C.K.; Arnold, Daniel; Doornbos, Eelco; Elmer, Matthias; Guo, Junyi; van den IJssel, Jose; Iorfida, Elisabetta; Klokocnik, Jaroslav; Krauss, Sandro; Mao, Xinyuan; Meyer, Ulrich; Sebera, Josef; Zhang, Chaoyang; Zhang, Yu; Dahle, Christoph (2019): Multi-approach Gravity Field Models from Swarm GPS data. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/ICGEM.2019.006

Abstract

Although the knowledge of the gravity of the Earth has improved considerably with CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE satellite missions, the geophysical community has identified the need for the continued monitoring of its time-variable component with the purpose of estimating the hydrological and glaciological yearly cycles and long-term trends. Currently, the GRACE-FO satellites are the sole provider of this data, while previously the GRACE mission collected these data for 15 years. Between the GRACE and GRACE-FO data periods lies a gap spanning from July 2017 to May 2018, while the Swarm satellites have collected gravimetric data with its GPS receivers since December 2013.

This project aims at providing high-quality gravity field models from Swarm data that constitute an alternative and independent source of gravimetric data, which could help alleviate the consequences of the 10-month gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO, as well as the short gaps in the existing GRACE and GRACE-FO monthly time series.

The geodetic community has realized that the combination of the different gravity field solutions is superior to any individual model. This project exploits this fact and delivers to the highest quality monthly-independent gravity field models, resulting from the combination of 4 different gravity field estimation approaches. All solutions are unconstrained and estimated independently from month to month.

Preliminary comparison with GRACE data has demonstrated that the signal in the Swarm gravity field models is restricted to degrees 12-15 and below, while the temporal correlations decrease considerably above degree 10. The 750km smoothed models are suitable to retrieve the global annual temporal variations of Earth's gravity field and the agreement with GRACE over large basins (e.g. Amazon, Congo-Zambezi, Ganges-Brahmaputra) is within 1cm RMS in terms of Equivalent Water Height. The global RMS relative to a bias, trend, an annual and semi-annual model derived from GRACE over deep ocean areas (those roughly 1000km from shorelines) is under 1mm geoid height during periods of low ionospheric activity.

More information about this project can be found at https://www.researchgate.net/project/Multi-approach-gravity-field-models-from-Swarm-GPS-data and ESA's Swarm DISC (the Data, Innovation and Science Cluster) Website (https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/missions/esa-eo-missions/swarm/activities/scientific-projects/disc#MAGF). This project is funded by ESA via the Swarm DISC, Sub-Contract No. SW-CO-DTU-GS-111.

Contact

Encarnacao, Joao; Center for Space Research, Delft University of Technology; ➦

Funders

European Space Agency: Swarm as a gravity field mission (SD-ITT-1.1 (part of contract 4000109587/13/I-NB))

Keywords

Swarm Satellites, Gravity Field, Mass Transport Processes, GPS, Kinematic orbit, ICGEM, COST-G, International Combination Service for Time-variable Gravity Field Solutions, science > geography > geodesy

GCMD Science Keywords

More Metadata

datacite: download xml
- resource (xsi:schemaLocation=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 http://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4.3/metadata.xsd)
  - identifier (identifierType=DOI): 10.5880/ICGEM.2019.006
  - creators
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Encarnacao, Joao
      - givenName: Joao
      - familyName: Encarnacao
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0001-6824-2733
      - affiliation: CSR Center for Space Research, University of Texas at Austin, USA
      - affiliation: Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Visser, Pieter
      - givenName: Pieter
      - familyName: Visser
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-2018-7373
      - affiliation: Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Jaeggi, Adrian
      - givenName: Adrian
      - familyName: Jaeggi
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-5624-3410
      - affiliation: Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern, Switzerland
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Bezdek, Ales
      - givenName: Ales
      - familyName: Bezdek
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-2790-2664
      - affiliation: Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Mayer-Gürr, Torsten
      - givenName: Torsten
      - familyName: Mayer-Gürr
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-2609-428X
      - affiliation: Institute of Geodesy of the Graz University of Technology
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Shum, C.K.
      - givenName: C.K.
      - familyName: Shum
      - affiliation: School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Arnold, Daniel
      - givenName: Daniel
      - familyName: Arnold
      - affiliation: Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Doornbos, Eelco
      - givenName: Eelco
      - familyName: Doornbos
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-9790-8546
      - affiliation: Delft University of Technology
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Elmer, Matthias
      - givenName: Matthias
      - familyName: Elmer
      - affiliation: Institute of Geodesy of the Graz University of Technology
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Guo, Junyi
      - givenName: Junyi
      - familyName: Guo
      - affiliation: School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): van den IJssel, Jose
      - givenName: Jose
      - familyName: van den IJssel
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-4086-874X
      - affiliation: Delft University of Technology
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Iorfida, Elisabetta
      - givenName: Elisabetta
      - familyName: Iorfida
      - affiliation: Delft University of Technology
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Klokocnik, Jaroslav
      - givenName: Jaroslav
      - familyName: Klokocnik
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-1034-8089
      - affiliation: Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Krauss, Sandro
      - givenName: Sandro
      - familyName: Krauss
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-2313-4469
      - affiliation: Institute of Geodesy of the Graz University of Technology
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Mao, Xinyuan
      - givenName: Xinyuan
      - familyName: Mao
      - affiliation: Delft University of Technology
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Meyer, Ulrich
      - givenName: Ulrich
      - familyName: Meyer
      - affiliation: Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Sebera, Josef
      - givenName: Josef
      - familyName: Sebera
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-0508-2810
      - affiliation: Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Zhang, Chaoyang
      - givenName: Chaoyang
      - familyName: Zhang
      - affiliation: School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Zhang, Yu
      - givenName: Yu
      - familyName: Zhang
      - affiliation: School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University
    - creator
      - creatorName (nameType=Personal): Dahle, Christoph
      - givenName: Christoph
      - familyName: Dahle
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-4733-9242
      - affiliation (affiliationIdentifier=0000-0002-4733-9242 affiliationIdentifierScheme=ORCID): GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
  - titles
    - title: Multi-approach Gravity Field Models from Swarm GPS data
  - publisher: GFZ Data Services
  - publicationYear: 2019
  - subjects
    - subject: Swarm Satellites
    - subject: Gravity Field
    - subject: Mass Transport Processes
    - subject: GPS
    - subject: Kinematic orbit
    - subject: ICGEM
    - subject: COST-G
    - subject: International Combination Service for Time-variable Gravity Field Solutions
    - subject (subjectScheme=NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords): EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ALTITUDE > GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT
    - subject (subjectScheme=NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords): EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEODETICS > GEOID CHARACTERISTICS
    - subject (subjectScheme=NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords): EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD > GRAVITY
    - subject (subjectScheme=NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords): EARTH SCIENCE > TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE
    - subject (subjectScheme=GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0): science > geography > geodesy
  - contributors
    - contributor (contributorType=ContactPerson)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Encarnacao, Joao
      - givenName: Joao
      - familyName: Encarnacao
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0001-6824-2733
      - affiliation: CSR Center for Space Research, University of Texas at Austin, USA
      - affiliation: Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
    - contributor (contributorType=DataManager)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Encarnacao, Joao
      - givenName: Joao
      - familyName: Encarnacao
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0001-6824-2733
      - affiliation: CSR Center for Space Research, University of Texas at Austin, USA
      - affiliation: Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectManager)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Encarnacao, Joao
      - givenName: Joao
      - familyName: Encarnacao
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0001-6824-2733
      - affiliation: CSR Center for Space Research, University of Texas at Austin, USA
      - affiliation: Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
    - contributor (contributorType=ContactPerson)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Visser, Pieter
      - givenName: Pieter
      - familyName: Visser
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-2018-7373
      - affiliation: Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectManager)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Visser, Pieter
      - givenName: Pieter
      - familyName: Visser
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-2018-7373
      - affiliation: Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectManager)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Jaeggi, Adrian
      - givenName: Adrian
      - familyName: Jaeggi
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-5624-3410
      - affiliation: Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern, Switzerland
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectManager)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Bezdek, Ales
      - givenName: Ales
      - familyName: Bezdek
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-2790-2664
      - affiliation: Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectManager)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Mayer-Gürr, Torsten
      - givenName: Torsten
      - familyName: Mayer-Gürr
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-2609-428X
      - affiliation: Institute of Geodesy of the Graz University of Technology
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectManager)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Shum, C.K.
      - givenName: C.K.
      - familyName: Shum
      - affiliation: School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectMember)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Arnold, Daniel
      - givenName: Daniel
      - familyName: Arnold
      - affiliation: Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectMember)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Doornbos, Eelco
      - givenName: Eelco
      - familyName: Doornbos
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-9790-8546
      - affiliation: Delft University of Technology
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectMember)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Elmer, Matthias
      - givenName: Matthias
      - familyName: Elmer
      - affiliation: Institute of Geodesy of the Graz University of Technology
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectMember)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Guo, Junyi
      - givenName: Junyi
      - familyName: Guo
      - affiliation: School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectMember)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): van den IJssel, Jose
      - givenName: Jose
      - familyName: van den IJssel
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-4086-874X
      - affiliation: Delft University of Technology
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectMember)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Iorfida, Elisabetta
      - givenName: Elisabetta
      - familyName: Iorfida
      - affiliation: Delft University of Technology
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectMember)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Klokocnik, Jaroslav
      - givenName: Jaroslav
      - familyName: Klokocnik
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-1034-8089
      - affiliation: Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectMember)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Krauss, Sandro
      - givenName: Sandro
      - familyName: Krauss
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-2313-4469
      - affiliation: Institute of Geodesy of the Graz University of Technology
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectMember)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Mao, Xinyuan
      - givenName: Xinyuan
      - familyName: Mao
      - affiliation: Delft University of Technology
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectMember)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Meyer, Ulrich
      - givenName: Ulrich
      - familyName: Meyer
      - affiliation: Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectMember)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Sebera, Josef
      - givenName: Josef
      - familyName: Sebera
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0003-0508-2810
      - affiliation: Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectMember)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Zhang, Chaoyang
      - givenName: Chaoyang
      - familyName: Zhang
      - affiliation: School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectMember)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Zhang, Yu
      - givenName: Yu
      - familyName: Zhang
      - affiliation: School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University
    - contributor (contributorType=ProjectMember)
      - contributorName (nameType=Personal): Dahle, Christoph
      - givenName: Christoph
      - familyName: Dahle
      - nameIdentifier (nameIdentifierScheme=ORCID): 0000-0002-4733-9242
      - affiliation (affiliationIdentifier=0000-0002-4733-9242 affiliationIdentifierScheme=ORCID): GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
    - contributor (contributorType=ContactPerson)
      - contributorName: Encarnacao, Joao
      - affiliation: Center for Space Research, Delft University of Technology
  - resourceType (resourceTypeGeneral=Dataset): Dataset
  - relatedIdentifiers
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsCitedBy): 10.1186/s40623-016-0499-9
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsCitedBy): 10.1093/gji/ggw094
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsCitedBy): 10.1016/j.asr.2015.10.035
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsCitedBy): 10.5194/angeo-37-111-2019
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsCitedBy): 10.1016/j.asr.2017.03.003
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsCitedBy): 10.1186/s40623-016-0459-4
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsCitedBy): 10.5194/angeo-2018-91
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsCitedBy): 10.3390/rs11080956
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsCitedBy): 10.1016/j.asr.2017.02.037
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsCitedBy): 10.13140/RG.2.2.18307.81440
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsCitedBy): 10.1016/J.AST.2019.03.031
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=URL relationType=References): https://www.researchgate.net/project/Multi-approach-gravity-field-models-from-Swarm-GPS-data
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=URL relationType=References): https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/missions/esa-eo-missions/swarm/activities/scientific-projects/disc#MAGF
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsDocumentedBy): 10.13140/RG.2.2.19891.99361
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsDocumentedBy): 10.13140/RG.2.2.12840.32006/1
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsDocumentedBy): 10.13140/RG.2.2.33313.76640
    - relatedIdentifier (relatedIdentifierType=DOI relationType=IsSupplementTo): 10.5194/essd-12-1385-2020
  - sizes:
  - formats:
  - rightsList
    - rights (rightsURI=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/): CC BY 4.0
  - descriptions
    - description (descriptionType=Abstract)
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
      - br:
  - geoLocations
    - geoLocation
      - geoLocationBox
        westBoundLongitude: -180
        eastBoundLongitude: 180
        southBoundLatitude: -90
        northBoundLatitude: 90
  - fundingReferences
    - fundingReference
      - funderName: European Space Agency
      - funderIdentifier (funderIdentifierType=Crossref Funder ID): http://doi.org/10.13039/501100000844
      - awardNumber: SD-ITT-1.1 (part of contract 4000109587/13/I-NB)
      - awardTitle: Swarm as a gravity field mission
iso19115: download xml
- MD_Metadata (xsi:schemaLocation=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmd http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmd/gmd.xsd)
  - fileIdentifier
    - CharacterString: 10.5880/ICGEM.2019.006
  - language
    - LanguageCode (codeList=http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/ codeListValue=eng): eng
  - characterSet
    - MD_CharacterSetCode (codeListValue=utf8 codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_CharacterSetCode):
  - hierarchyLevel
    - MD_ScopeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_ScopeCode codeListValue=dataset): dataset
  - hierarchyLevelName
    - CharacterString:
  - contact
    - CI_ResponsibleParty
      - organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
      - contactInfo
        CI_Contact
        address
        CI_Address
        electronicMailAddress
        CharacterString: datapub(_at_)gfz-potsdam.de
        onlineResource
        CI_OnlineResource
        linkage
        URL: http://www.gfz-potsdam.de
        name
        CharacterString: Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
        description
        CharacterString: Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
      - role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=pointOfContact): pointOfContact
  - dateStamp
    - Date: 2023-12-01
  - referenceSystemInfo
    - MD_ReferenceSystem
      - referenceSystemIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG:4326
  - identificationInfo
    - MD_DataIdentification
      - citation
        CI_Citation
        title
        CharacterString: Multi-approach Gravity Field Models from Swarm GPS data
        date
        CI_Date
        date
        Date: 2023-12-01
        dateType
        CI_DateTypeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode codeListValue=revision): revision
        identifier
        MD_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: doi:10.5880/ICGEM.2019.006
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6824-2733)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Encarnacao, Joao
        organisationName
        CharacterString: CSR Center for Space Research, University of Texas at Austin, USA
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2018-7373)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Visser, Pieter
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5624-3410)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Jaeggi, Adrian
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern, Switzerland
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2790-2664)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Bezdek, Ales
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-428X)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Mayer-Gürr, Torsten
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Institute of Geodesy of the Graz University of Technology
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Shum, C.K.
        organisationName
        CharacterString: School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Arnold, Daniel
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9790-8546)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Doornbos, Eelco
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Delft University of Technology
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Elmer, Matthias
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Institute of Geodesy of the Graz University of Technology
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Guo, Junyi
        organisationName
        CharacterString: School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4086-874X)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: van den IJssel, Jose
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Delft University of Technology
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Iorfida, Elisabetta
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Delft University of Technology
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1034-8089)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Klokocnik, Jaroslav
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2313-4469)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Krauss, Sandro
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Institute of Geodesy of the Graz University of Technology
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Mao, Xinyuan
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Delft University of Technology
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Meyer, Ulrich
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0508-2810)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Sebera, Josef
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Zhang, Chaoyang
        organisationName
        CharacterString: School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Zhang, Yu
        organisationName
        CharacterString: School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty (xlink:href=http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4733-9242)
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Dahle, Christoph
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=author): author
        citedResponsibleParty
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        organisationName
        CharacterString: GFZ Data Services
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=publisher): publisher
      - abstract
        CharacterString: Although the knowledge of the gravity of the Earth has improved considerably with CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE satellite missions, the geophysical community has identified the need for the continued monitoring of its time-variable component with the purpose of estimating the hydrological and glaciological yearly cycles and long-term trends. Currently, the GRACE-FO satellites are the sole provider of this data, while previously the GRACE mission collected these data for 15 years. Between the GRACE and GRACE-FO data periods lies a gap spanning from July 2017 to May 2018, while the Swarm satellites have collected gravimetric data with its GPS receivers since December 2013. This project aims at providing high-quality gravity field models from Swarm data that constitute an alternative and independent source of gravimetric data, which could help alleviate the consequences of the 10-month gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO, as well as the short gaps in the existing GRACE and GRACE-FO monthly time series. The geodetic community has realized that the combination of the different gravity field solutions is superior to any individual model. This project exploits this fact and delivers to the highest quality monthly-independent gravity field models, resulting from the combination of 4 different gravity field estimation approaches. All solutions are unconstrained and estimated independently from month to month. Preliminary comparison with GRACE data has demonstrated that the signal in the Swarm gravity field models is restricted to degrees 12-15 and below, while the temporal correlations decrease considerably above degree 10. The 750km smoothed models are suitable to retrieve the global annual temporal variations of Earth's gravity field and the agreement with GRACE over large basins (e.g. Amazon, Congo-Zambezi, Ganges-Brahmaputra) is within 1cm RMS in terms of Equivalent Water Height. The global RMS relative to a bias, trend, an annual and semi-annual model derived from GRACE over deep ocean areas (those roughly 1000km from shorelines) is under 1mm geoid height during periods of low ionospheric activity. More information about this project can be found at https://www.researchgate.net/project/Multi-approach-gravity-field-models-from-Swarm-GPS-data and ESA's Swarm DISC (the Data, Innovation and Science Cluster) Website (https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/missions/esa-eo-missions/swarm/activities/scientific-projects/disc#MAGF). This project is funded by ESA via the Swarm DISC, Sub-Contract No. SW-CO-DTU-GS-111.
      - status
        MD_ProgressCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_ProgressCode codeListValue=Complete): Complete
      - pointOfContact
        CI_ResponsibleParty
        individualName
        CharacterString: Encarnacao, Joao
        organisationName
        CharacterString: Center for Space Research, Delft University of Technology
        contactInfo
        CI_Contact
        address
        CI_Address
        electronicMailAddress
        CharacterString: j.g.deteixeiradaencarnacao(_at_)tudelft.nl
        onlineResource
        CI_OnlineResource
        linkage
        URL: Center for Space Research, Delft University of Technology
        function
        CI_OnLineFunctionCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeListValue=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode_information): informtion
        role
        CI_RoleCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode codeListValue=pointOfContact): pointOfContact
      - descriptiveKeywords
        MD_Keywords
        keyword
        CharacterString: Swarm Satellites
        keyword
        CharacterString: Gravity Field
        keyword
        CharacterString: Mass Transport Processes
        keyword
        CharacterString: GPS
        keyword
        CharacterString: Kinematic orbit
        keyword
        CharacterString: ICGEM
        keyword
        CharacterString: COST-G
        keyword
        CharacterString: International Combination Service for Time-variable Gravity Field Solutions
      - descriptiveKeywords
        MD_Keywords
        keyword
        CharacterString: EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ALTITUDE > GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT
        keyword
        CharacterString: EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEODETICS > GEOID CHARACTERISTICS
        keyword
        CharacterString: EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GRAVITY/GRAVITATIONAL FIELD > GRAVITY
        keyword
        CharacterString: EARTH SCIENCE > TERRESTRIAL HYDROSPHERE
        thesaurusName
        CI_Citation
        title
        CharacterString: NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords
        date
        CI_Date
        date (gco:nilReason=missing):
        dateType
        CI_DateTypeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode codeListValue=publication): publication
      - descriptiveKeywords
        MD_Keywords
        keyword
        CharacterString: science > geography > geodesy
        thesaurusName
        CI_Citation
        title
        CharacterString: GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0
        date
        CI_Date
        date (gco:nilReason=missing):
        dateType
        CI_DateTypeCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode codeListValue=publication): publication
      - resourceConstraints (xlink:href=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
        MD_Constraints
        useLimitation
        CharacterString: CC BY 4.0
      - resourceConstraints
        MD_LegalConstraints
        accessConstraints
        MD_RestrictionCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_RestrictionCode codeListValue=otherRestrictions):
        otherConstraints
        CharacterString: CC BY 4.0
      - resourceConstraints
        MD_SecurityConstraints
        classification
        MD_ClassificationCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_ClassificationCode codeListValue=unclassified):
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1186/s40623-016-0499-9
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsCitedBy): IsCitedBy
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1093/gji/ggw094
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsCitedBy): IsCitedBy
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1016/j.asr.2015.10.035
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsCitedBy): IsCitedBy
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.5194/angeo-37-111-2019
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsCitedBy): IsCitedBy
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1016/j.asr.2017.03.003
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsCitedBy): IsCitedBy
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1186/s40623-016-0459-4
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsCitedBy): IsCitedBy
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.5194/angeo-2018-91
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsCitedBy): IsCitedBy
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.3390/rs11080956
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsCitedBy): IsCitedBy
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1016/j.asr.2017.02.037
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsCitedBy): IsCitedBy
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.13140/RG.2.2.18307.81440
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsCitedBy): IsCitedBy
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.1016/J.AST.2019.03.031
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsCitedBy): IsCitedBy
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: https://www.researchgate.net/project/Multi-approach-gravity-field-models-from-Swarm-GPS-data
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: URL
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=References): References
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: https://earth.esa.int/web/guest/missions/esa-eo-missions/swarm/activities/scientific-projects/disc#MAGF
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: URL
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=References): References
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.13140/RG.2.2.19891.99361
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsDocumentedBy): IsDocumentedBy
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.13140/RG.2.2.12840.32006/1
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsDocumentedBy): IsDocumentedBy
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.13140/RG.2.2.33313.76640
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsDocumentedBy): IsDocumentedBy
      - aggregationInfo
        MD_AggregateInformation
        aggregateDataSetIdentifier
        RS_Identifier
        code
        CharacterString: 10.5194/essd-12-1385-2020
        codeSpace
        CharacterString: DOI
        associationType
        DS_AssociationTypeCode (codeList=http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4 codeListValue=IsSupplementTo): IsSupplementTo
      - language
        CharacterString: eng
      - characterSet
        MD_CharacterSetCode (codeListValue=utf8 codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_CharacterSetCode):
      - topicCategory
        MD_TopicCategoryCode: geoscientificInformation
      - extent
        EX_Extent
        geographicElement
        EX_GeographicBoundingBox
        westBoundLongitude
        Decimal: -180
        eastBoundLongitude
        Decimal: 180
        southBoundLatitude
        Decimal: -90
        northBoundLatitude
        Decimal: 90
  - distributionInfo
    - MD_Distribution
      - transferOptions
        MD_DigitalTransferOptions
        onLine
        CI_OnlineResource
        linkage
        URL: http://doi.org/10.5880/ICGEM.2019.006
        protocol
        CharacterString: WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
        name
        CharacterString: Data Access - DOI
        description
        CharacterString: Data Access - DOI
        function
        CI_OnLineFunctionCode (codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeListValue=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode_information): information
  - dataQualityInfo
    - DQ_DataQuality
      - scope
        DQ_Scope
        level
        MD_ScopeCode (codeListValue=dataset codeList=http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/codeList.xml#MD_ScopeCode):
schema.org download

Location

Please, click on markers, line or bounding boxes to see related details in popup.

To explore to full geographic extent of the map please click and drag the map.

Files

License: CC BY 4.0

Dataset Description

Documented by

Supplement to

https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-1385-2020

Related Work

Cited by

References